EULAC_6587 Trinidad "" This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693669. eulac3d Site TEXT University of St Andrews EULAC "" "George William Lamming, (born June 8, 1927, Carrington Village, near Bridgetown, Barbados), is a West Indian novelist and essayist who wrote about decolonization and reconstruction in the Caribbean nations.\r\nAt Combermere High School, Lamming studied under Frank Collymore, editor of the Caribbean literary journal Bim, which published some of Lamming\u2019s early work. Lamming left Barbados and worked as a teacher in Trinidad from 1946 to 1950 before settling in England. His highly acclaimed first novel, In the Castle of My Skin (1953), is an autobiographical bildungsroman set against the backdrop of burgeoning nationalism in the British colonies of the Caribbean in the 1930s and \u201940s.\r\nLamming continued to study decolonization in his succeeding three novels: The Emigrants (1954), a despairing, fragmentary work about Caribbean immigrants in post-World War II England; Of Age and Innocence (1958), a microcosmic look at the problems of political independence; and Season of Adventure (1960), in which a West Indian woman discovers her African heritage. The Pleasures of Exile (1960) is a collection of essays that examines Caribbean politics, race, and culture in an international context. \r\nLamming\u2019s later novels include Water with Berries (1971), a political allegory based on Shakespeare\u2019s The Tempest, and Natives of My Person (1971), about 16th-century explorers in the West Indies. His poetry and short stories were published in various anthologies and Conversations, a volume of essays and interviews, was published in 1992." Person "Born in Trinidad in 1939, Trevor worked in various aspects of the media including local newspapers, radio and television. He joined the Caribbean Regional Service of the BBC World Service in 1960 as a producer, before moving to London at the end of that decade to work for the corporation (BBC Radio, London).\r\nMoving to Independent Television News (ITN) in 1973, he rose steadily through the ranks. He's served as news, sports and diplomatic correspondent before moving on to become diplomatic editor and newscaster. Twice voted Newscaster of the year, McDonald is perceived as the face of ITN after years of fronting its flagship 'News at Ten' bulletin.\r\nAn accomplished journalist, he has penned several books including autobiographies on cricketers Clive Lloyd and Viv Richards. His own biography, 'Fortunate Circumstances', was published in 1993." Person "Lord Beginner (born Egbert Moore) was at the heart of the expansion of calypso music immediately after WW2. Originally from Trinidad, Beginner recorded and toured in New York with other leading members of the Trinidad's "Old Brigade" of calypsonians, but his cricket credentials were already established. In 1937 he wrote "Les Ames he played fine\/Till he was bowled by the quicker ball from Constantine". \r\nIn 1948 he emigrated to England on the\u00a0Windrush, the first boat from the Caribbean bringing a new generation of immigrants to the UK. Also on the boat was the legendary calypsonian Lord Kitchener.\r\nBeginner began playing clubs throughout London - primarily the Caribbean and the Paramount - and was a success, signing for Parlophone in 1950. Two of Lord Beginner's more well known calypsos were\u00a0Victory Test Match\u00a0- penned immediately after the 1950 Lord's Test won by West Indies and opening with the line "Cricket, lovely cricket" - and\u00a0General Election, inspired by Clement Atlee's victory in the 1950 general election." Person "Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul TC, most commonly known as V. S. Naipaul, and informally, Vidia Naipaul, was a Trinidadian-British writer of works of fiction and nonfiction in English.\r\nVidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul was born in rural Trinidad on 17 August 1932. The island of his birth was a complicated post-colonial patchwork of racial tensions and subtle hierarchies. His grandparents had been labourers: part of the great nineteenth-century Indian diaspora who had settled in the Caribbean. The young Vidia was raised as a Hindu, part of a displaced community within a plantation society. It was a blend of histories, customs and ethnic identities which later formed an important part of his work. Naipaul's father, Seepersad, was a journalist for the Trinidad Guardian who revered Shakespeare and Dickens. He would read the great works of European literature aloud to his children - giving the young Vidia a burning ambition for writing, a "fantasy of nobility" and a "panic about failing.".\r\nHe attended the Queen's Royal College, proving himself an able student. On graduating, he won a government scholarship giving him entry to the Commonwealth university of his choosing. In 1950, he arrived in Oxford. University College commencing a time of poverty and terrible loneliness. Isolated and unsure of his future, Naipaul became severely depressed\r\nFor his numerous critics, Naipaul's writing was troubling and even bigoted. They recognised his literary gifts but saw him as a hater: an \u201cUncle Tom\u201d who dealt in stereotypes, paraded his prejudices and bathed in loathing for the world from which he came. They hailed him as a towering intellect - delivering an original, scorching critique refreshingly devoid of political correctness: attacking the cruelty of Islam, the corruption of Africa and the self-inflicted misery he witnessed in the poorest parts of the globe. For his many supporters, his fiction had merciless comic clarity and his travel writing a terrifying honesty - refusing to glamorise or idealise the developing world, to his detractors, Naipaul was essentially political; bearing witness against the post-colonial world with great writing but shielded from criticism by virtue of being 'one of them'.\r\nIn his later years, he entered an autumnal phase with The Enigma of Arrival (1987) and A Way in the World (1994), combining personal experience (though denying it was autobiographical) with the broad historical sweep of post-war migration from developing world. A knighthood followed. And In 2001, he received the Nobel Prize for Literature. The Academy compared him to Joseph Conrad and extolled his ability to "transform rage into precision."" Person "Medic, political pioneer and labour peer for Hamstead, the late Lord David Pitt of Hampstead was the longest serving black Parliamentarian, having been granted a life peerage in 1975. He spent his life speaking out for the underrepresented black community in Great Britain.\r\nBorn on the island of Grenada in the West Indies, David Pitt attended Grenada Boys' Secondary school and was raised a devout Roman Catholic and was the second peer of African descent, to sit in the House of Lords.\u00a0 Pitt won a scholarship to come to Britain in 1933 to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh, a returned to the Caribbean to begin his medical career, founding his own practice, and in 1943 married (Lady) Dorothy (n\u00e9e\u00a0Alleyne).He eventually settled in Trinidad where is passion for social justice continued alongside his medical career.\r\nIn 1943 Pitt helped found the West Indian National Party and served as its president until 1947. This party was considered radical in its day because it advocated independence for Trinidad within a West Indian federation. He won election to the borough council in San Fernando, Trinidad, where he also served as deputy mayor. In order to lobby the British government for independence, he travelled to Great Britain in 1947. His efforts were unsuccessful, and he grew disillusioned with West Indian politics. He decided to settle in the London district of Euston, where he established a medical practice that he ran for more than 30 years\r\nIn the 1950s, Pitt was one of the few blacks active in defending the growing black population of Great Britain against discrimination and prejudice. In the 1960s and 1970s, he organized to help immigrants and improve race relations. Pitt became the first and only chair of the Campaign Against Racial Discrimination (CARD), an association founded with the encouragement of Martin Luther King Jr. Pitt believed in fighting racism within the existing power structure. In 1959 Pitt sought to represent London's wealthy Hampstead district in Parliament, becoming the first West Indian black to seek a seat in Parliament. After a campaign plagued by racist insinuations, Pitt lost the election.\r\nIn 1961, however, Pitt won the election representing the ethnically mixed, working-class Hackney district in London's city government, the London County Council (LCC). In 1964 this body was absorbed by the Greater London Council (GLC). He served as deputy chair of the GLC from 1969 to 1970 and in 1974 became the first black chair, a post he held until 1975. Pitt paved the way for the multiracial politics for which the GLC became known.\r\nIn 1975 Prime Minister Harold Wilson appointed Pitt to the House of Lords as Lord Pitt of Hampstead. According to Pitt himself, however, his most valued honour was his election as president of the British Medical Association from 1985 to 1986, a position few general practitioners achieve.\u00a0" Person "Samuel Selvon, in full Samuel Dickson Selvon, (born May 20, 1923, Trinidad \u2014 died April 16, 1994, Port of Spain), Caribbean novelist and short-story writer of East Indian descent, known for his vivid evocation of the life of East Indians living in the West Indies and elsewhere. He came to public attention during the 1950s with a number of other Caribbean writers, including V.S. Naipaul.\r\nSelvon worked as a wireless operator for a local branch of the Royal Navy during World War II on ships that patrolled the Caribbean; during a slack period he began to write poetry. In 1946 he went to work at the Trinidad Guardian. In 1950 he went to London, where he worked as a clerk for the Indian Embassy and wrote in his spare time.\r\nHis first novel, A Brighter Sun (1952), describes East Indians and Creoles in Trinidad, their prejudices and mutual distrusts, and the effect of this animosity on a young man. It was the first time that an East Indian author had written with such quiet authority and simple charm about the life of these people. Its sequel, Turn Again Tiger (1958), follows the protagonist on a journey to his homeland. In this novel, which is perhaps his best, Selvon made extensive and striking use of dialect. \r\nThe Lonely Londoners (1956) describes apparently naive immigrants living by their wits in a hostile city. His later works include a collection of short stories, Ways of Sunlight (1958), and the novels I Hear Thunder (1962), The Housing Lark (1965), Moses Ascending (1975), and Moses Migrating (1983), both sequels to The Lonely Londoners. Highway in the Sun (1991) is a collection of plays." Person "Rudolph Malcolm Walker\u00a0was born on September 28, 1939 in Trinidad, British West Indies. \r\nWalker broke many barriers as a performer, working extensively in theatre and becoming the first black person to star in a major television series. \r\nWalker, who arrived in Britain in 1960, established himself as a performer by working in repertory theatres across the country in the 1960s including the Mermaid Theatre, Nottingham Playhouse and the Malvern Theatre.\r\nHe got his big break in 1972 when he was cast as the main character in the television series,\u00a0Love Thy Neighbour.\u00a0Although the show was considered controversial for its use of racist language, it was a popular series that was unprecedented on television at the time.\r\nWalker continued to work in theatre, performing at the Tricycle, the Lyric Hammersmith, the Royal Court and the Young Vic.\r\nHe also appears regularly on the BBC television soap opera, Eastenders." Person 10.417585820332741 -61.24465942382813