EULAC_6591 United Kingdom "" This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693669. eulac3d Site TEXT University of St Andrews EULAC "" "Sterling Betancourt was born 1 March 1930 in Laventille, Trinidad. \r\nIn his early years, he was a member of one of the local Laventille Tamboo Bamboo bands until he became a tenor pan player in Tripoli steel band. He later progressed to become a band member and the tuner for Crossfire, a steel band he was more notably associated to during the 1940s.\r\nHis skills on the pans earned him selection for TASPO (The Trinidad All-Steel Pan Percussion Orchestra) which was formed to participate in the Festival of Britain in 1951. This tour became a defining point in his career as he decided to remain in England with his pan and promote this new found musical art form.\r\nIn 1952, Sterling Betancourt joined forces with a fellow Trinidadian musician, pianist Russell Henderson, to record some of Henderson\u2019s piano music. Later the Russ Henderson Steel Band was formed along with Mervyn Constantine. A defining point for the band came in\u00a01964 when the band was invited to play at the opening of a Children\u2019s Carnival in Notting Hill.\u00a0The invite came from Rhaune Laslette, a Notting Hill resident and local social worker, who was organising the event. \r\nIn keeping up with the tradition of the\u00a0Trinidad\u00a0carnival at that time, the steel band began an impromptu march through the streets, enticing some of the onlookers to take part in the procession.\u00a0This led to the start of the Notting Hill Carnival in 1965 with steel band music as the music of choice.\r\nBetancourt has taken Pan to many countries throughout Europe and Asia and as recognition for his contribution he was awarded Trinidad and Tobago\u2019s Scarlet Ibis award, a University of East London Fellowship, an MBE (Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire) and made a member of FRSA for his commitment in promoting steelpan culture throughout the United Kingdom, and pioneering steelpan projects in English schools" Person "E.R. Braithwaite, (Eustace Edward Ricardo Braithwaite), Guyanese author and diplomat (born June 27, 1912, Georgetown, British Guiana (now Guyana) \u2014 died December 12, 2016, Rockville, Md.), was the author of the best-selling memoir To Sir, with Love (1959), an account of his experience as a well-educated black man teaching a group of undisciplined high-school students in the slums of London\u2019s East End. The book was translated into more than 20 languages and was made into an immensely popular 1967 film starring Sidney Poitier. \r\nBraithwaite was educated at Queens College in British Guiana and studied (1940) at the City College of New York before joining the Royal Air Force in Britain as a pilot. After World War II he earned (1949) a master\u2019s degree in physics from the University of Cambridge. However, because of his race, he was unable to work in his field, but he did find employment teaching (1950\u201357) at a secondary school in London and later (1958\u201360) as a social worker finding foster homes for nonwhite children. He subsequently wrote Paid Servant (1962). \r\nBraithwaite worked as a human rights officer for the World Veterans Federation and later as an education consultant for UNESCO, and in 1966 he was appointed Guyana\u2019s representative to the United Nations. He also served (1968\u201370) as Guyana\u2019s ambassador to Venezuela. From 1970 he taught at various American universities. He wrote other books, notably the memoir Honorary White (1975), about a visit to South Africa.\r\n" Person "James is an internationally recognised business leader with operational experience in the media and environmental industries, public office, alongside expertise in SME business start-ups and management.\r\nIn 1996, he was Britain\u2019s first Black CEO of a publicly quoted company, Epic Interactive Media and was awarded the CBE for services to the Sussex Economy. He was the longest serving Chairman of South East England Development Agency (SEEDA), Honorary Consul for South Africa for South East England, and a member of the FCO Caribbean Advisory Group, created to increase links with the West Indies and the Caribbean Diaspora in the UK.\r\nCurrently, he is Executive Chairman of Drenl Ltd, which focuses on developing 1-10 MW Power & Energy facilities using waste and biomass as the fuel. Jim has created Drenl to address the power generation challenge that exists globally. This will be particularly useful to island states, such as his native Barbados, which spend a large proportion of their GDP on power production. \r\nJim is passionate about economic development and the role that power and waste can play in the circular economy. Power is needed to drive economic development and waste is a resource that should not be overlooked in our efforts to develop without destroying our planet.\r\nHis charitable work has included raising over \u00a32million for the Rocking Horse Charity for the Children\u2019s Hospital in Brighton, and \u2018Work This Way\u2019 which rehabilitated prisoners through training and preparation for work, the most effective way of stopping reoffending. He was Chairman of the Arundel Festival, a charity that put on one of the largest and best attended Art Festivals in England" Person "Dr Jeffrey Brathwaite was born in Congo Road, St Philip, Barbados. He was a student at Princess Margaret High School until the age of 16. He came to the UK in the late 1960s and after a short stint in the Army, worked as a psychiatric nurse for four years.\r\nDr Brathwaite joined the Metropolitan Police Service on the 2nd of December 1974 as a constable. He rose through the ranks in both Uniform and CID roles. In 1997, as Uniform Superintendent he was responsible for operational policing in the Borough of Croydon until a year later, when he was appointed Deputy Director of the Racial and Violent Crime Task Force at New Scotland Yard.\r\nThe Task Force provided leadership and vision at a time of crisis, during the high profile Stephen Lawrence Inquiry. One of his key achievements at that time was the development and coordination of the first Independent Advisory Group in UK policing. Independent advisors now bring community perspectives to policing that have proved beneficial to community-police relationships over the years while independent Advisory groups have been adopted by most of the UK Police Services.\r\nIn 2001, Dr Brathwaite was promoted to Chief Superintendent and appointed Police Borough Commander for the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames. In 2003, he was awarded the Queen\u2019s Police Medal for distinguished Police service in the community. He was presented with the medal by Her Majesty the Queen at Buckingham Palace in April of that year.\r\nDr Brathwaite retired from the Metropolitan Police on the June 4th, 2004 after 30 years of service. Following that, he pursued a second career as an Organisational Management Consultant until 2015 when he finally retired from full time employment" Person "Pop singer\/songwriter and front man for Hot Chocolate, Errol Brown was born in Jamaica and moved to Britain when he was 12. His musical career started in 1969, when he and some friends sent a reggae version of Give Peace A Chance to John Lennon. Lennon liked the track, and it was released on the Beatles label, Apple Records, attributed to The Hot Chocolate Band which was later shortened. The producer Mickie Most signed him and Tony Wilson, the co-founder of the group as writers, and they wrote songs for Mary Hopkins and Herman's Hermits before deciding to write songs for themselves.\r\nIn 1970, Hot Chocolate, with Errol as the lead singer released their first single, Love is Life, which reached No.6 in the charts. Brown's bald headed sexy image and unique voice as the central focus of the group led to many Top Ten hits such as It started with a Kiss, You Sexy Thing and Everyone's a Winner.\r\nIn 1981, Hot Chocolate was invited by Prince Charles and Lady Diana to their pre-wedding reception. In 1985 Errol left the band to spend more time with his wife and children, and has since resurfaced to enjoy a successful solo career. Hot Chocolate enjoyed a revival when their hit You Sexy Thing was featured in the film The Full Monty.\r\nIn June 2003 Errol was awarded an MBE for his services to popular music." Person "Barbados-born Roland Butcher secured his place in history when he became the first black player to represent England, making his Test debut at Bridgetown in 1980-81 (the headline in the local paper was "Our boy, their bat"). A batsman capable of playing the most thrilling, attacking innings, Butcher was sadly, and frustratingly, inconsistent, his compulsion to hit every ball hard and far usually his undoing. For every onslaught there were a dozen disappointments. More than once he saved his contract with Middlesex with a brilliant hundred. \r\nButcher moved to England at the age of 14, joined Middlesex in 1974 and was picked for two ODIs against Australia in 1980 on the strength of county form. A run-a-ball fifty in the second game, allied to an unbeaten half-century in the Gillette Cup final that September, secured him a place on the tour of the Caribbean, but his technique against fast bowlers was exposed and he was never considered again. \r\nIn 1983 he suffered a sickening injury which threatened his eyesight when struck by George Ferris, but he returned and continued to entertain and frustrate until he retired in 1990. \r\nOne blemish in his final years was a brief involvement with the planned rebel tour of South Africa in 1989 - he withdrew when media reaction threatened the success of his benefit. \r\nAs a fielder, he was among the best, either swooping in the outfield or, in latter years, in the slips. After retiring he pursued business interests as well as coaching a variety of sides, including Tasmania and Bermuda. \r\nIn November, 2004 he was appointed director of sports at the University of the West Indies' Cave Hill Campus. \r\nHe was also a good enough footballer to play semi-pro for Stevenage and Biggleswade" Person "Linford Christie was the greatest sprinter Britain produced, an athlete who emerged onto the scene at a late stage in\u00a0life for an athlete\u00a0and carved out an unique niche.\r\nJamaican born Christie was the middle child of seven. He came to Britain when he was seven and lived in Shepherd\u2019s Bush. Though he left school when he was 16 and had a different number of jobs, sport always held a place in his heart and he was coached at the West London Stadium near his home by Ron Roddan, who remained his mentor for his whole career where he ran for Thames Valley Harriers.\r\nHis 23 major championships medals, which included 10 golds, is a British male record along with his 26 national titles, and he was, and arguably still is, among the most famous sportsmen in the country. His two greatest moments came within a year of each other, when he won the Olympic 100m gold medal in Barcelona in 1992 before winning the World title in Stuttgart 12 months later. Whenever he ran, you could not help but be drawn to the drama his races would produce and more often that not a story would emerge from the edge he would bring to an occasion.\u00a0" Person "Edric Connor is primarily remembered by filmgoers as an actor for his work on screen during the last 15 years of his life, but the Trinidad-born singer also played a pivotal role in the introduction of what is now called world music to England during the late '40s and early '50s. Born in Mayaro, Trinidad, in the British West Indies in 1913, he began singing as a young man and left Trinidad in 1944 for England, in search of wider success as both a musician and actor.\r\nOver the ensuing half decade, he became one of the leading exponents of West Indian music in England, in an era in which American jazz barely had a foothold. His performance with a steel band at the 1952 Festival of Britain in London was a major event in the musical life of postwar England, bringing exposure to a form of music that was beloved in a key part of the empire, and also planting a seed in the spread of Jamaican music that ultimately led to the boom in ska and reggae.\r\nEdric Connor and his wife, Pearl, became major stars in music and acting over the ensuing decade, Connor becoming the first black actor to work with the Royal Shakespeare Company and playing key roles in a dozen major British and international films. In 1952, teamed with a singing group, he released Songs from Jamaica, a groundbreaking LP of Jamaican folk music credited to Edric Connor & the Caribbeans, on the Argo label. Acting came to dominate Connor's career during his final decade, in which he worked in several major epic movies and some prominent British television shows" Person "Cuthbert Gordon Greenidge was born in Barbados and like many Caribbean families in the late 50\u2019s and 60\u2019s migrated to the UK to seek a better life. Educated at Speightstown Boys School and Black Bess Boys School in Barbados, he continued his education at Alfred Sutton Boys in Reading, and later Clarendon College in Nottingham, where he developed a love for cricket, a game for which he would later become world famous.\r\nHe had the opportunity to display his cricket prowess playing in Reading, Berkshire and Hampshire and the England Boys School benefitted from his cricket skills. Even though he represented Barbados and the West Indies in cricket, he was still able to make a meaningful contribution to his adopted homeland of the United Kingdom.\r\nWhilst still an apprentice at Hampshire, he represented three different clubs playing on Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays. He was also privileged to play League Cricket for Leyland in the Lancashire League, playing 19 years for one club. Not only has he been a player but he also conducted Cricket Coaching Clinics at several places, including Nottingham High School and Merchant Taylor\u2019s School. Schools in Scotland have also benefitted from his skills when playing for the club Greenock, which he also represented at the National Level. He continues to be involved in fund raising programmes for clubs and schools throughout the UK." Person "Stuart McPhail Hall, Jamaican-born British cultural theorist and academic (born Feb. 3, 1932, Kingston, Jamaica \u2014 died Feb. 10, 2014, London, England), was a pioneer in the field of cultural studies, an interdisciplinary approach to the role of social institutions in the shaping of culture and \u201cthe networks of meanings which individuals and groups use to make sense of and communicate with one another.\u201d \r\nHall attained international stature in 1979 when he coined the term \u201cThatcherism\u201d to describe the phenomenon of the broad (and ultimately long-lasting) political, economic, and cultural changes that would eventually be wrought by incoming Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her conservative supporters. \r\nHe later chastised leftist thinkers and politicians for underestimating Thatcherism\u2019s enduring popularity among disillusioned working-class people and for failing to counter the harshest elements of Thatcherism with a compelling alternative that would promote multiculturalism, environmentalism, and civil rights. " Person "Born and brought up in superlative St George, John was educated at St Giles School, then Combermere High School, representing Combermere at first team level in Barbados first division cricket competition.\r\nIn 1964, he migrated to the UK under London Transport\u2019s recruitment scheme to work on the Underground as a guard. The BBC invited him to play in its cricket team, where he joined two other Barbadians, Rodney Norville and the late Dr Bertie Clarke. At this stage he bowled genuinely fast and Dr Clarke recommended him to Hampshire to play county cricket.\r\nA serious back injury brought an end to his County career, after which he moved back to Barbados briefly. An offer to return to the UK and go to Lancashire to play as professional in League cricket saw him leave Barbados for the second time. League cricket was much less stressful, playing just at weekends rather than seven days a week at County Level.\r\nIn his mid-thirties and with his playing career coming to an end, he joined the English First Class Umpires Panel, where he was employed for twenty seven years. In 1988, history was made when he was appointed to stand in his first Test match, at Lord\u2019s. He was the first black person to stand in a Test match in England. The following year while umpiring he became part of the first neutral umpires, when he was chosen to officiate in the Test series in Pakistan with India. In total he stood in eleven Tests, twenty three ODI\u2019s and several finals.\r\nHe became a full member of MCC in 1999, going on seven tours with teams to Kenya (twice), Greece, Italy, Uganda, Namibia and the Cayman Islands. He was also a member of MCC\u2019s Laws working Party, a panel which drafts the laws of cricket worldwide.\r\nIn 2008 the ICC appointed him as a Regional Umpires Performance Manager with responsibility for Europe, the Caribbean and the Americas, a post he held until his decision to retire at the end of 2010.\r\n" Person "Carmen Munroe\u00a0is a British actress best known for her role as Shirley, the wife of barber Desmond Ambrose, played by Norman Beaton, in the British TV sitcom Desmond\u2019s (1989 to 1994).\u00a0She was born\u00a0in Berbice,\u00a0Guyana\u00a0on November 12th 1932 and has been a resident\u00a0of the UK since the early 1950\u2019s where\u00a0she performed with the West Indian Students\u2019 Drama Group.\r\nIn 1962 she made her professional stage debut at London\u2019s Wyndham\u2019s Theatre in Tennessee Williams\u2019 Period of Adjustment, and later played leading roles in other West End productions: Alun Owen\u2019s There\u2019ll Be Some Changes Made (1969), Jean Genet\u2019s The Blacks (1970), and as Orinthia in George Bernard Shaw\u2019s The Apple Cart (1970).\r\nCarmen has\u00a0played an instrumental role in the development of black British theatre and representation on small screen. She has had high-profile roles on television in The Fosters (1976\u201377), Mixed Blessings (1978\u201380), both on ITV, and on stage in Lorraine Hansberry\u2019s A Raisin in the Sun, Alice Childress\u2019s Trouble in Mind and James Baldwin\u2019s The Amen Corner.\u00a0\u00a0 Some of her other roles include a part in the 1967 Doctor Who story \u201cThe Enemy of the World\u201d; a part in General Hospital; and she was for a time a presenter of Play School. She is also one of the founders of Talawa, the UK\u2019s leading black theatre company, which she established in 1985 together with Mona Hammond, Inigo Espegel and Yvonne Brewster." Person "Queens Council and joint first black woman peer, Patricia Scotland was born in Dominica in 1956, and arrived in Britain at the age of 2 along with 10 other siblings. As she grew she took a liking for dance and wanted to be a modern expressionist ballet dancer at 16. She later attended university and distinguished herself as a lawyer before entering the political arena in 1977, where she was called to the bar and served two terms of government for Labour firstly in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office as Foreign Office Minister working for the home department at the Lord Chancellor's Office. There she is effectively number two to Lord Irvine of Largs and the lead minister on immigration and asylum matters, legal aid, legal services and the development of Civil Law in the UK\r\nIn 1991 she made legal history becoming the first black female QC (Queens Counsel) at the age of 35. She was made a bencher of the Middle Temple in 1997, becoming a judge in 1999, and raised to the Privy Council in 2001. She is also a member of the bar in Antigua and Dominica. \r\nIn 1997 she was created a peer as Baroness Scotland of Asthal, in the County of Oxfordshire. \r\nBaroness Scotland has received numerous awards and commendations including an honorary degree from the University of Westminster for services to law, government, social justice and International affairs. \r\nAmong her other accomplishments is or has been Chair of HMG Caribbean Advisory Group; Dominican Representative of the Council of British Commonwealth Ex-Services League; Member of the Lawyers' Christian Fellowship; Member of the BBC World Service Consultative Group Lifeline (Trinidad & Tobago); Honorary Fellow of Wolfson College, Cambridge, Member of The Millennium Commission; Patron of the Women and Children's Welfare Fund. \r\nShe has specialized in family and public law and has chaired and represented parties in a number of major inquiries relating to Child Abuse, Mental Health and Housing." Person "Sir Michael Ronald Stoute is a Barbadian British thoroughbred horse trainer in flat racing. \r\nStoute, (born 22 October 1945) whose father was the Chief of Police for Barbados, left the island in 1964 at the age of 19 to become an assistant to trainer Pat Rohan and began training horses on his own in 1972.\r\nSir Michael Stoute began training in 1972. His first Classic victory came six years later with Fair Salinia in the 1978 Oaks, since when he has never ceased production of top-class winners from Freemason Lodge, Newmarket. \r\nChampion trainer ten times, he has won twenty five Classics in England and Ireland, including five Investec Derbies, three Breeders\u2019 Cups, two Japan Cups and the Dubai World Cup. \r\nIn 2010 the former Derby winner Workforce provided him with his first win in the Qatar Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe." Person "Rudolph Malcolm Walker\u00a0was born on September 28, 1939 in Trinidad, British West Indies. \r\nWalker broke many barriers as a performer, working extensively in theatre and becoming the first black person to star in a major television series. \r\nWalker, who arrived in Britain in 1960, established himself as a performer by working in repertory theatres across the country in the 1960s including the Mermaid Theatre, Nottingham Playhouse and the Malvern Theatre.\r\nHe got his big break in 1972 when he was cast as the main character in the television series,\u00a0Love Thy Neighbour.\u00a0Although the show was considered controversial for its use of racist language, it was a popular series that was unprecedented on television at the time.\r\nWalker continued to work in theatre, performing at the Tricycle, the Lyric Hammersmith, the Royal Court and the Young Vic.\r\nHe also appears regularly on the BBC television soap opera, Eastenders." Person "Aubrey Williams\u00a0(8 May 1926 \u2013 17 April 1990) was a Guyanese artist. He was best known for his large, oil-on-canvas paintings, which combine elements of abstract expressionism with forms, images and symbols inspired by the pre-Columbian art of indigenous peoples of the Americas.\r\nBorn in Georgetown in British Guiana (now Guyana), Williams began drawing and painting at an early age. He received informal art tutoring from the age of three, and joined the Working Peoples' Art Class at the age of 12. \r\nAfter training as an agronomist he worked as an Agricultural Field Officer for eight years, initially on the sugar plantations of the East Coast and later in the North-West region of the country \u2014 an area inhabited primarily by the indigenous Warao people. His time among the Warao had a dramatic impact on his artistic approach, and initiated the complex obsession with pre-Columbian arts and cultures that ran throughout his artistic career.\r\nWilliams left Guyana at the height of the Independence Movement in 1952, and moved to the United Kingdom. Following his first exhibition in London in 1954, he became an increasingly significant figure in the post-war British avant-garde art scene, particularly through his association with Denis Bowen's New Vision Centre Gallery. \r\nIn 1966, he came together with a group of London-based Caribbean artists and intellectuals to found the Caribbean Artists Movement, which served as a dynamic hub of cultural events and activity until its dissolution in 1972." Person 55.52863052257191 -4.064941406250001